Pengaruh Jam Kerja, Fleksibilitas Dan Beban Kerja Terhadap Work-Life Balance Dengan Tingkat Stres Kerja Sebagai Variabel Intervening

Zulfeni Widiasari; Jhon Veri; Fitri Yeni

doi:10.55903/juria.v5i1.367

Authors

Zulfeni Widiasari Universitas Putra Indonesia YPTK Padang, Sumatera Barat
Jhon Veri Universitas Putra Indonesia YPTK Padang, Sumatera Barat
Fitri Yeni Universitas Putra Indonesia YPTK Padang, Sumatera Barat

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55903/juria.v5i1.367

Keywords:

Jam Kerja, Fleksibilitas, Beban Kerja, Work-Life Balance, Stres Kerja

Abstract

Penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh jam kerja, fleksibilitas kerja, dan beban kerja terhadap Work-Life Balance (WLB) dengan stres kerja sebagai variabel intervening pada pegawai Bank Indonesia Kantor Perwakilan Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Pendekatan kuantitatif diterapkan dengan sampling jenuh terhadap 57 pegawai. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner dan dianalisis menggunakan PLS-SEM (SmartPLS 4.0). Hasil pengujian menunjukkan beban kerja berpengaruh signifikan terhadap stres kerja, sedangkan jam kerja dan fleksibilitas tidak signifikan terhadap stres. Jam kerja dan fleksibilitas berpengaruh signifikan terhadap WLB, sementara beban kerja tidak signifikan terhadap WLB. Stres kerja berpengaruh signifikan terhadap WLB; uji mediasi menunjukkan stres kerja memediasi hubungan fleksibilitas terhadap WLB, tetapi tidak memediasi hubungan jam kerja maupun beban kerja terhadap WLB.

References

Alvin Aditya Reynaldi, Rini Nurahaju, & Dessy Nur Utami. (2022). Pengaruh Beban Kerja Dan Kecerdasan Emosional Terhadap Work Life Balance Pada Pelaut Di Kapal Kargo. Jurnal Psikologi Poseidon, 33–53. https://doi.org/10.30649/jpp.v5i2.71

Arditya Afrizal Mahardika, Ingarianti, Tri, & Uun Zulfiana. (2022). Work-life balance pada karyawan generasi Z. Collabryzk Journal for Scientific Studies, 1(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.58959/cjss.v1i1.8

Badawy, Philip J., & Schieman, Scott. (2020). Controlling or Channeling Demands? How Schedule Control Influences the Link Between Job Pressure and the Work-Family Interface. Work and Occupations, 48(3), 320–352. https://doi.org/10.1177/0730888420965650

Baek, Seong‐Uk, Won, Jong‐Uk, & Yoon, Jin‐Ha. (2023). The role of work–family conflict in the association between long working hours and workers’ sleep disturbance and burnout: results from the sixth Korean Working Conditions Survey. BJPsych Open, 9(5). https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2023.555

Bakker, Arnold B., Demerouti, Evangelia, & Sanz‐Vergel, Ana Isabel. (2022). Job Demands–Resources Theory: Ten Years Later. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 10(1), 25–53. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-120920-053933

Carlo, Alessandro De, Girardi, Damiano, Falco, Alessandra, Corso, Laura Dal, & Sipio, Annamaria Di. (2019). When Does Work Interfere With Teachers’ Private Life? An Application of the Job Demands-Resources Model. Frontiers in Psychology, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01121

Carollina, Riska, Mujanah, Siti, & Fianto, Achmad Yanu Alif. (2025). Analisis Pengaruh Stres Kerja Dan Kepuasan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Dosen Di Surabaya. E-Jurnal Manajemen Universitas Udayana, 14(9), 698–715. https://doi.org/10.24843/ejmunud.2025.v14.i9.p03

Chaerul Rizky, Muhammad. (2022). Pengaruh Penggunaan Teknologi terhadap Fleksibilitas Kerja dan Peningkatan Kinerja Karyawan di Era New Normal pada PT Kalfaz Sadhara. Remik, 6(4), 802–808. https://doi.org/10.33395/remik.v6i4.11831

Cooper, Cary. (2014). Fundamentals of Organizational Behavior. In Fundamentals of Organizational Behavior. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781446261781

Daulay, M. Zikri Atthariq. (2020). Pengaruh jam kerja fleksibel dan motivasi kerja terhadap work-life balance pada pengemudi gojek di jakarta. Manajemen Ekonomi Dan Bisnis, Vol. 1, pp. 29–41.

Dawson, Kevin M., O’Brien, Kimberly E., & Beehr, Terry A. (2015). The role of hindrance stressors in the job demand–control–support model of occupational stress: A proposed theory revision. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 37(3), 397–415. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.2049

Demerouti, Evangelia, Bakker, Arnold B., Nachreiner, Friedhelm, & Schaufeli, Wilmar B. (2001). The job demands-resources model of burnout. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(3), 499–512. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.86.3.499

Dinh, Luan Nguyen. (2020). Determinants of employee engagement mediated by work-life balance and work stress. Management Science Letters, 10(4), 923–928. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2019.10.003

Dousin, Oscar, Wei, Chen Xi, Balakrishnan, Bamini K. P. D., & Lee, Michelle Chin Chin. (2021). Exploring the mediating role of flexible working hours in the relationship of supervisor support, job and life satisfaction: A study of female nurses in China. Nursing Open, 8(6), 2962–2972. https://doi.org/10.1002/nop2.1008

Elahi, Natasha Saman, Abid, Ghulam, Contreras, Françoise, & Fernández, Ignacio Aldeanueva. (2022). Work–family and family–work conflict and stress in times of COVID-19. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.951149

Fan, Wen, Moen, Phyllis, Kelly, Erin L., Hammer, Leslie B., & Berkman, Lisa. (2018). Job strain, time strain, and well-being: A longitudinal, person-centered approach in two industries. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 110, 102–116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2018.10.017

Ferdinan, Bernardus Aris, Gunardi, Leonardus Gugun, & Reynal, Ignatius. (2023). Occupational Stress dan Religiosity: Peran Mediasi Work Life Balance Terhadap Employee Engagement Generasi Millenial dan Generasi Z. Widya Cipta: Jurnal Sekretari Dan Manajemen, 7(2), 122–131. https://doi.org/10.31294/widyacipta.v7i2.15751

Gašić, Dimitrije, Berber, Nemanja, Ćurčić, Nikola, Čudanov, Mladen, Zsigmond, Tibor, & Tomaš, Darko. (2025). Unpacking the link between flexible work arrangements and job stress: The mediating role of Job satisfaction among highly educated employees. PLoS ONE, 20(10). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0335279

Giorgi, Gabriele, Arcangeli, Giulio, Perminienė, Milda, Lorini, Chiara, Ariza‐Montes, Antonio, Pérez, Javier Fiz, Fabio, Annamaria Di, & Mucci, Nicola. (2017). Work-Related Stress in the Banking Sector: A Review of Incidence, Correlated Factors, and Major Consequences. Frontiers in Psychology, Vol. 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.02166

Gragnano, Andrea, Simbula, Silvia, & Miglioretti, Massimo. (2020). Work–life balance: weighing the importance of work–family and work–health balance. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17030907

Gudep, Vijay Kumar. (2019). An Empirical Study Of The Relationships Between The Flexible Work Systems (Fws), Organizational Commitment (Oc), Work Life Balance (Wlb) And Job. International Journal Of ManagemenT, 10(5). https://doi.org/10.34218/ijm.10.5.2019.002

Hair, Joseph F., Risher, Jeffrey J., Sarstedt, Marko, & Ringle, Christian M. (2019). When to use and how to report the results of PLS-SEM. European Business Review, 31(1), 2–24. https://doi.org/10.1108/EBR-11-2018-0203

Hidayat, Umul, Zainuddin, Asnia, & Saptaputa, Syawal Kamiluddin. (2022). Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Stres Kerja Pada Perawat Ruang Rawat Inap Kelas I Rsud Bahteramas Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19. Jurnal Kesehatan Dan Keselamatan Kerja Universitas Halu Oleo, 2(3). https://doi.org/10.37887/jk3-uho.v2i3.23640

Hobfoll, Stevan E. (1989). Conservation of Resources: A New Attempt at Conceptualizing Stress. American Psychologist, 44(3), 513–524. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.44.3.513

Hsu, Ya Yuan, Bai, Chyi Huey, Yang, Chien‐Ming, Huang, Ya Chuan, Lin, Thong Yong, & Lin, Chih‐Hung. (2019). Long Hours’ Effects on Work-Life Balance and Satisfaction. BioMed Research International, 2019, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/5046934

Iva Prestiana, Novita Dian, & Setiawan, Rony. (2021). Modal Psikologis, Konflik Peran Ganda, Dukungan Keluarga Terhadap Keseimbangan Kehidupan Kerja Pada Pegawai Wanita Di Kantor Pemerintah Kota Bekasi. Paradigma, 18(1), 21–32. https://doi.org/10.33558/paradigma.v18i1.2670

Kelly, Erin L., Moen, Phyllis, & Tranby, Eric. (2011). Changing Workplaces to Reduce Work-Family Conflict. American Sociological Review, 76(2), 265–290. https://doi.org/10.1177/0003122411400056

Lesener, Tino, Gusy, Burkhard, & Wolter, Christine. (2018). The job demands-resources model: A meta-analytic review of longitudinal studies. Work & Stress, Vol. 33, pp. 76–103. https://doi.org/10.1080/02678373.2018.1529065

Majid, Mohamad Zuber Abd, Wakimin, Nur Fadzlunnisaa, & Kasavan, Saraswathy. (2023). Job Stress Among Employees of Banking Sector in Klang Valley. International Journal of Professional Business Review, 8(10). https://doi.org/10.26668/businessreview/2023.v8i10.3751

Meilanti, Sissylia, Marsha, Gladis Corinna, & Ariani, Lita. (2025). Pengaruh Beban Kerja Terhadap Work Life Balance Pada Pegawai Kontrak.

Mueller, Nicolas, Loeffelsend, Sophia, Vater, Elke, & Kempen, Regina. (2023). Effects of strain on boundary management: findings from a daily diary study and an experimental vignette study. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1149969. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1149969

Natanael, Kevin, Kalis, Maria Christiana Iman, Daud, Ilzar, Rosnani, Titik, & Fahruna, Yulyanti. (2023). Workload and working hours effect on employees work-life balance mediated by work stress. Enrichment: Journal of Management, 13(5), 3112–3122.

Neksen, Alpin, Wadud, Muhammad, & Handayani, Susi. (2021). Pengaruh Beban Kerja dan Jam Kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan pada PT Grup Global Sumatera. Jurnal Nasional Manajemen Pemasaran & SDM, 2(2), 105–112. https://doi.org/10.47747/jnmpsdm.v2i2.282

Putra Edy Wirawan, Raka. (2022). Pengaruh Beban Kerja Terhadap Stres Kerja Melalui Work Life Balance. SIBATIK JOURNAL: Jurnal Ilmiah Bidang Sosial, Ekonomi, Budaya, Teknologi, Dan Pendidikan, 1(10), 2169–2180. https://doi.org/10.54443/sibatik.v1i10.319

Putri, N. I. Komang A. Y. U. Ratih Angga, & Riana, I. Gede. (2025). Pengaruh Beban Kerja Terhadap Perilaku Cyberloafing Karyawan Yang Di Mediasi Oleh Stres Kerja. E-Jurnal Manajemen Universitas Udayana, 14(8). https://doi.org/10.24843/ejmunud.2025.v14.i8.p01

Rizki, Luthfia Putri, & Purba, Debora Eflina. (2022). Moderating Effect of Perceived Remaining Time in the Relationship between Job Demands and Job Stress. Asian Academy of Management Journal. https://doi.org/10.21315/aamj2022.27.1.3

Robbins, S., & Coulter, Mary. (2021). Management. In Boston.

Shanker, Anurag. (2022). Flexible work arrangements and its impact on Work-Life Balance. Management Insight, 18(2), 17–20. https://doi.org/10.21844/mijia.18.2.3

Shinta Ramadhani Berliana Nasution, Agus Dharmanto, & Nita Komala Dewi. (2024). Pengaruh Work Life Balance dan Stres Kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Generasi Z. Jurnal Riset Dan Inovasi Manajemen, Vol. 2, pp. 90–101. https://doi.org/10.59581/jrim-widyakarya.v2i3.4043

Smit, Brandon W., Ebrahimi, Nabi, Montag‐Smit, Tamara, Boyar, Scott L., & Maertz, Carl P. (2025). The hidden pitfalls of flexibility: how work flexibility can promote strain and work–family conflict through telepressure. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 40(8), 1032–1045. https://doi.org/10.1108/jmp-01-2024-0027

Sofyan, Pahrizal, & Elmi, Farida. (2024). Pengaruh Fleksibilitas Kerja dan Work Life Balance dengan Pelatihan Kerja Sebagai Variabel Moderasi terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Konsultan di DKI Jakarta. Jurnal Akuntansi, Manajemen, Dan Perencanaan Kebijakan, 2(1), 21. https://doi.org/10.47134/jampk.v2i1.416

Tulhusnah, Lusiana, & Puryantoro, Puryantoro. (2019). Pengaruh Jam Kerja dan Disiplin Kerja Terhadap Stres Kerja Karyawan di Kantor Kecamatan Kapongan Kabupaten Situbondo. Jesya (Jurnal Ekonomi & Ekonomi Syariah), 2(2), 299–312. https://doi.org/10.36778/jesya.v2i2.67

Wahyu Wibowo, Septian. (2024). Pengaruh Beban Kerja Dan Fleksibilitas Kerja Tehadap Work-Life Balance Karyawan (Studi Pada Karyawan Industri Umkm Di Kota Surakarta). SEIKO : Journal of Management & Business, 7(2), 980–989.

Wijaya, Kevin, & Fung, Tjong Se. (2022). Pengaruh Gender , Hubungan Antar Pekerja / Karyawan dan Kelebihan Jam Kerja Terhadap Stres Kerja Pada CV Sumber Mitra Sukses. Prosiding: Ekonomi Dan Bisnis, 2(2), 1–7.

Wong, Ka Po, Chan, Alan H. S., & Ngan, Shing Chung. (2019). The Effect of Long Working Hours and Overtime on Occupational Health: A Meta-Analysis of Evidence from 1998 to 2018. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol. 16, p. 2102. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16122102

Zahoor, Nida, Abdullah, Nor Azimah Chew, & Zakaria, Nazlina. (2020). The role of high performance work practices, work-family conflict, job stress and personality in affecting work life balance. Management Science Letters, 1367–1378. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2020.11.003

Zhao, Xinshu, Lynch, John G., & Chen, Qimei. (2010). Reconsidering Baron and Kenny: Myths and truths about mediation analysis. Journal of Consumer Research, 37(2), 197–206. https://doi.org/10.1086/651257

Zulmaidarleni, Zulmaidarleni, Sarianti, Rini, & Fitria, Yuki. (2019). Pengaruh Beban Kerja Dan Lingkungan Kerja Fisik Terhadap Stres Kerja Pada Pegawai Kantor Kecamatan Padang Timur. Jurnal Ecogen, 2(1), 61. https://doi.org/10.24036/jmpe.v2i1.6133